Primary dysmenorrhoea is associated with the release of prostaglandins, which cause abnormal uterine contractions.
Primary dysmenorrhoea is associated with intermittent, cramping lower abdominal pain radiating to the lower back and upper thighs, and usually lasts 24 - 48hrs. It is worse at the onset of the period and has associated symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, backache and lower abdominal pain.
Secondary dysmenorrhoea refers to period pain caused by certain underlying causes such as endometriosis, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), adenomyosis (i.e. ectopic endometrial tissue), fibroids, cysts or tumours, IUCD/IUD contraception use, cervical stenosis (entrance to the uterus is more narrow).
Conventional treatment
Western treatment of the symptoms of primary dysmenorrhoea is often alleviated by regular administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drugs, which limit the release of prostaglandins. The oral contraceptive pill (OCP) is also used, which suppresses ovulation, stops pain and limits the amount of blood flow.
Chinese Medicine treatment
Acupuncture and herbs can help to control the pain and over a course of treatment can help to make the periods less painful.
